• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    13 Abstract The invention relates to an injection arrangement for injection of a urea solution intoan eXhaust gas passage. The injection arrangement (9) comprises a periphery Wallelement (18) forming an inner space Which has an extension in a longitudinal directionfrom a first closed end (20) and a second open end (21), Where the exhaust gasesleaves the inner space (19) and an injection member (25) configured to inject the ureasolution into the inner space (19). The injection arrangement comprises an inletopening (17) located at a radially outer position of the inner space (19) and floW means(16) configured to direct an eXhaust gas floW into the inner space (19), Via the inletopening (17), in an at least partly transverse direction in relation to the longitudinalextension of the inner space (19) such that a rotating eXhaust gas floW is createdaround a longitudinal center aXis (22) of the inner space (19). The injection member(25) comprises a plurality of injection nozzles (26) arranged in at least two different longitudinal positions in the inner space (19). (Pig. 2)
    公开号:SE1650483A1
    申请号:SE1650483
    申请日:2016-04-11
    公开日:2017-10-12
    发明作者:Lundin Ingemar
    申请人:Scania Cv Ab；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    An injection arrangement for injection of a urea solution into an exhaust gaspassageBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION AND PRIOR ARTThe invention relates to an injection arrangement for injection of a urea solution intoan exhaust gas passage according the preamble of claim 1.
    One Way of reducing emissions of nitrogen oxides from diesel engines is to use atechnique called SCR (selective catalytic reduction). This involves a reducing agent inthe form of a urea solution being supplied in a specific dose to the exhaust gases in theexhaust line of a diesel engine. When the urea solution is sprayed into the exhaust line,the resulting finely divided solution becomes vaporized in contact With the hot exhaustgases so that ammonia is formed. The mixture of ammonia and exhaust gases is thenled through an SCR catalyst in Which the nitrogen in the nitrogen oxides in the exhaustgases reacts With the nitrogen in the ammonia to form nitrogen gas. The oxygen in thenitrogen oxides reacts With the hydrogen in the ammonia to form Water. The nitrogenoxides in the exhaust gases are thus reduced in the catalyst to nitrogen gas and WaterVapor. With correct dosage of urea, the emissions of nitrogen oxides can be greatlyreduced.
    The urea solution can be supplied to the exhaust gases by means of an injectionmember Which injects the urea solution in finely divided form in an inner space of anexhaust passage. The inner space may be located in a silencer. However, it is difficultto supply the urea solution in a manner such that it evaporates completely before itcomes in contact With an inner Wall surface of the inner space. The Walls of the innerspace usually has a lower temperature than the exhaust gases especially in case theyare in contact With the surrounding air. As a consequence, a film of unevaporated ureasolution may be formed on the inner Wall surfaces of the inner space. The film can bemoved in the floW direction in the passage by the eXhaust gases. After a certaindistance, the Water in the urea solution is evaporated. The remaining solid ureaevaporates significantly sloWer. ln case the layer of solid urea becomes thick enough,the urea and its decomposition products Will react With themselves. This results in theformation of primitive polymers on urea base, so-called urea lumps. The urea lumpscould in time block the floW in the eXhaust passage.
    SUMMARY OF THE INVENTIONThe object of the present invention is to provide an injection arrangement Where ureasolution is injected into an inner space of an eXhaust gas passage in a manner such thatthe urea solution substantially always has time to vaporize in a short portion of theexhaust gas passage.
    This object is achieved by the device defined in the characterizing part of claim l. Thedevice comprises an inner space in Which an injection member injects the ureasolution. The eXhaust gases is directed into the inner space, via an inlet opening, suchthey obtain an at least partly transversely rotary movement in the inner space. Themovement of the eXhaust gases brings the injected urea solution With such that itreceives a corresponding transversely rotary movement in the inner space in contactWith the eXhaust gases. As a consequence, the eXhaust gases and the urea solutionobtain a relatively long miXing length and thereby long miXing time in the inner spaceand it is lot of time for the urea solution to vaporize. The inner space may be designedWith a relatively short longitudinal extension. Thus, it is possible to vaporize the ureasolution in a short longitudinal portion of the eXhaust gas passage. As a consequence,the inner space may be arranged relative close to the SCR catalyst Which may shortenthe length of the eXhaust gas passage. Furthermore, it is possible to vaporize anincreased quantity of urea solution. The floW means may be guide vanes Which directsthe eXhaust gas floW into the inner space in the above described direction.Alternatively the floW means may include a suitably designed part of the eXhaustpassage in an upstream position of the inlet opening.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, said floW means is configured to directthe eXhaust gas in an at least partly transverse direction along an inner surface of saidperiphery Wall. The eXhaust gas floW along the inner surface of the inner space forms abarrier which makes it difficult for the urea solution to hit the inner surfaces of saidperiphery wall. Furthermore, the exhaust gases heat the inner surfaces of saidperiphery wall, such that possible unvaporized urea solution hitting the inner wallsurface will be quickly vaporized.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the inlet opening has a straightextension in the longitudinal direction of the inner space. In this case, exhaust gasesare directed into the inner space from an inlet opening arranged in a specific angularposition on the periphery wall element. Alternatively, the inlet opening extends at least360° around the longitudinal center axis. In this case, it is possible to direct exhaustgases from all angular positions into the inner space, via the inlet opening. ln bothcases, the inlet opening may have a longitudinal extension corresponding to at leasthalf the longitudinal extension of the inner space. ln this case, the exhaust gases aresupplied to the entire or at least a main part of the longitudinal length of the innerspace. However, it is possible to use an inlet opening having a shorter longitudinalextension.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the injection member has an extensionin a radially inner position of the inlet opening. ln this case, it is possible to inject ureasolution into the exhaust gases as soon they enter the inner space. The injectionmember may have a longitudinal length corresponding to the longitudinal length of theinlet opening. In this case, the entire exhaust gases flow entering the inner space willcome in contact with the injected urea solution. The injection nozzles may be designedsuch that they inject the urea solution in substantially the same direction as thedirection of exhaust gas flow entering the inner space via the inlet opening. As aconsequence, the exhaust gases and the urea solution will substantially immediatelyprovide a corresponding rotary movement in the inner space.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the injection member comprisesinjection nozzles arranged at at least two different radial distances from the centerlongitudinal axis. Such a design favors droplets of unvaporized urea solution to obtainrotary movements at different distances from the longitudinal center axis. Furthermore,it facilitates a uniform distribution of the urea solution in the inner space. The injectionnozzles may be arranged at regular intervals along a longitudinal length of theinjection member. Such a design further increases the possibility to distribute the ureasolution in a uniform manner in the inner space.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the periphery Wall element eXtends 360°around the longitudinal center aXis from a first wall portion to a second wall portionwhich is located in a radially inwardly position of the first wall portion wherein saidradial distance defines the inlet opening. In this case, an inlet opening is forrned havinga longitudinal extension corresponding to the longitudinal length of the inner space.The longitudinal extension of the inlet opening defines the width of the opening. Theradial distance between the first wall portion and the second wall portion defines theheight of the inlet opening. In this case, the injection member may be arranged on thesecond wall portion. Since the second wall portion is located radially inwardly of thefirst wall portion, the risk that the urea solution hits the inner surface of the peripherywall element is substantially elin1inated since the eXhaust gas flow is located betweenthe injected urea solution and the periphery wall. The radial distance between theperiphery wall element and the longitudinal center axis may decrease continuouslyfrom the first wall portion to the second wall portion. In this case, the periphery wallelement has the shape of a spiral eXtending around the longitudinal center aXis.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the periphery wall element forms aninner space with a continuously increasing cross section area in the longitudinaldirection from the first end to the second end. In this case, the inner space issubstantially shaped as a cone or a truncated cone. Alternatively, the periphery wallelement forms an inner space with a constant cross section area in a longitudinaldirection from the first end to the second end. In this case, the inner space issubstantially shaped as a cylinder.
    According to an embodiment of the invention, the injection arrangement is arrange in asilencer in an eXhaust gas line of a vehicle. Such a silencer may include severaleXhaust treatment components such as a SCR-catalyst.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAVVINGSIn the following preferred embodiments of the invention are described with referenceto the attached drawings, on which:Fig. l shows an eXhaust gas line of a combustion engine including an injectionarrangement according to the invention,Pig. 2 shows a sectional view of the silencer in Pig. 1,Pig. 3 shows the injection arrangement in Pig. 2 more in detail,Pig. 4 shows a sectional view in a plane A-A of the injection arrangement in Pig. 3,Pig. 5 shows a second embodiment of the injection arrangement,Pig. 6 shows a sectional view in a plane B-B of the injection arrangement in Pig. 5andPig. 7 shows a third embodiment of the injection arrangement andPig. 8 shows a sectional view in a plane C-C of the injection arrangement in Pig. 7.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OP PREPERED EMBODIMENTS OP THEINVENTIONPig. 1 shows schematically a vehicle 1 driven by a combustion engine 2 which may bea diesel engine. The vehicle 1 can be a heavy vehicle. The eXhaust gases from thecylinders of the combustion engine 2 are directed, via an eXhaust manifold 2a, to aneXhaust line 3. The eXhaust line 3 is provided with components for SCR (SelectiveCatalytic Reduction). A urea solution which is stored in a tank 4 is supplied to theeXhaust gases. The urea solution is directed, via a urea line 5, to an injectionarrangement 9 injecting the urea solution into the eXhaust gases. A control unit 7controls the supply of urea solution from the tank 4 to the injection arrangement 9 bymeans of a pump 8. The control unit 7 may be a computer unit provided with a suitablesoftware for the control of the pump 8. The control unit 7 may receive informationabout a number of operating parameters whereupon it calculates the amount of ureasolution to be supplied to the exhaust gases at which the emissions of nitrogen oXidesin the eXhaust gases are reduced in an optimal manner.
    The injection arrangement 9 is arranged in a silencer 10 in the eXhaust line 3. In thiscase, the silencer 10 also contains a schematically indicated particulate filter 11 and aSCR-catalyst 12. The silencer 10 may also contain other eXhaust treatment componentssuch as an oxidation catalyst and an ammoniac slip catalyst. The injected urea solutionis heated in the silencer 10 by the eXhaust gases to a temperature at which it vaporizes.The vaporized urea solution is converted to ammonia which enters the SCR-catalyst12. In the SCR-catalyst 12, the nitrogen in the ammonia reacts chen1ically with thenitrogen in the nitrogen oXides such that nitrogen gas is formed. The hydrogen in theammonia reacts chemically with the oXygen in the nitrogen oXides such that water isformed. Thus, the nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases are reduced in the SCR-catalyst12 to nitrogen gas and water vapor.
    Fig. 2 shows a cross sectional view of the silencer 10. The exhaust gases enters thesilencer 10 Via an inlet opening 13. Initially, the exhaust gases flow through theparticulate filter 11. Thereafter, the exhaust gases flows through an inlet passage 15towards the injection arrangement 9. The inlet passage 15 has an end portion 15aprovided with guide vanes 16. The guide vanes 16 direct the exhaust gas flow into theinjection arrangement 9.
    Fig. 3 shows the injection arrangement 9 more in detail. The injection arrangementcomprises an inlet opening 17, to an inner space 19 defined by a periphery wall 18.The inner space 19 has a longitudinal extension defined by the distance between a firstclosed end 20 and a second open end 21 of the periphery wall element 18. In thisembodiment, the inner space 19 has a continuously increasing cross section area in alongitudinal direction from the first closed end 20 to the second open end 21. Alongitudinal center axis 22 of the inner space 19 is indicated. The exhaust gases leavesthe inner space 19 Via the open end 21 and enters an outlet passage 24 directing theexhaust gases to the SCR catalyst 12 indicated in Fig. 1. At least a part of the outletpassage 24 is arrange inside the inlet passage 15. As a consequence, the exhaust gasesin the outlet passage 24 is heated by the exhaust gases in the inlet passage 15.
    Fig 4 shows a transverse sectional view of the body in a transverse plane A-A in Fig.3. The periphery wall element 18 of the body has curved shape of 360° in thetransverse plane A-A. The periphery wall element 18 has an extension from a first wallportion 18b to a second wall portion 18c which is located in a radially inwardlyposition of the first wall portion 18b. The wall 18 has a curved shape such that theradial distance from the inner wall surface 18a to the longitudinal center axis 22decreases substantially continuously from the first wall portion 18b to the second wallportion 18c. Thus, the periphery wall element 18 has a spiral-shape in the transverseplane A-A. The radial distance between the first wall portion 18b and the second wallportion 18c defines the height of the inlet opening 17 for exhaust gases to the innerspace 19. The inlet opening 17 has a width corresponding to the longitudinal extensionof the inner space 19. The design of the inlet opening 17 and the guide vanes 16 in Fig.2 creates an exhaust gas flow into the inner space 19 in a substantially transversedirection in relation to the longitudinal center axis 22. The exhaust gas flow follows acurved path along the inner Wall surface 18a and around the longitudinal center axis22.
    An injection member 25 is configured to inject urea solution into the inner space 19.The injection member 25 and the periphery Wall element 18 may be manufactured bystainless steel. Stainless steel is resistant to the corrosive exhaust heat and gases.Alternatively, they may be manufactured by copper or a suitable metal alloy. Theinjection member 25 is elongated and it has a tubular shape. The injection member 25has a longitudinal extension along an edge surface of the second Wall portion 18c. Theinjection member 25 is provided With a plurality of injection nozzles 26 in differentlongitudinal positions in the inner space 19. The injection member 25 is attached to thesecond Wall portion 18c. The injection nozzles 26 are arranged in a row on one side ofthe injection member 25 such that they inject the urea solution in the floW direction ofthe exhaust gases entering the inner space 19. Furthermore, the urea solution isinjected into the inner space at a radial distance from the first Wall position 18b of theperiphery Wall element 18. Said radial distance is defined by the height of the inletopening 17.
    During operation of the combustion engine 1, the control unit 7 receives informationabout, for example, the floW rate and the temperature of the exhaust gases in theexhaust gas line 3. The control unit 7 calculates by means of, for example, theseinformations, the quantity of urea solution to be supplied to the exhaust gases in orderto reduce the amount of nitrogen oxides in the exhaust gases in an optimal manner.The control unit 7 control the pump 8 such that it supplies the calculated quantity ofurea solution, to the injection member 25. The supplied urea solution is injected intothe inner space 19 via the injection nozzles 26 in different longitudinal positions of theinner space 19 and at different radial distances from the longitudinal center axis 22.
    The above mentioned injection arrangement 9 has a plurality of advantages. The inletfloW of exhaust gases to the inner space 19, via the inlet opening 17, prevents in aneffective manner the injected urea solution to hit the inner Wall surfaces 18a. Theexhaust gases heats the inner Wall surface 18a such that possible urea solution hittingthe inner surface 18a Will be evaporated in a quick manner. The rotated exhaust gasfloW in the inner space 19 provides a substantially uniform distribution of unvaporizeddroplets of urea solution in the entire inner space 19. The rotary movement of theexhaust gases provides a corresponding rotary movement of the urea solution. Therotary movement of the exhaust gases and the urea solution in a substantiallytransverse direction to the longitudinal center axis 22 results in a long n1ixing time andevaporation time for the urea solution in a very short longitudinal portion of theexhaust line. The downstream located exhaust gas passage 24 in the silencer 10 can bemade short. Thus, it is possible to arrange the SCR-catalyst in a position relative closeto the inner space 19 which saves space in the silencer 10.
    Fig. 5 and 6 show an altemative embodiment of the injection arrangement 9. In thiscase, the injection arrangement 9 comprises a periphery wall element 18 having aninner wall surface 18a forrning an inner space 19 with a constant cross sectional area ina longitudinal direction between the first end 20 and the second end 21. The functionof this embodiment corresponds to the function of the embodiment shown in Figs 3and 4.
    Fig. 7 and 8 show a further alternative embodiment of the injection arrangement 9. Theexhaust gases flow through an inlet passage 15 towards the injection arrangement 9.The inlet passage 15 has an end portion 15a provided with guide vans 16. The guidevans 16 direct the exhaust gas flow into the injection arrangement 9. The rotatingexhaust gas flow is created with the guide vanes 16. The periphery wall element 18 isprovided with a spiral-shaped inlet opening 17 to the inner spacer 19. The inletopening 17 has a longitudinal extension corresponding substantially to the longitudinalextension of the periphery wall element 18 at the same time as it extends at least 360°around the periphery wall element 18. ln this case, exhaust gases are supplied, via theinlet opening 17, to substantially the entire inner space 19 from different anglepositioner. A conical member 27 reduces the volume of the inner space 19. The conicalmember 27 has an extension from the first end 20 to the second end 21. ln this case,the volume of the inner space 19 increases from the first end 20 to the second end 21.
    An injection member 25 is arranged at an inner surface 18a of the periphery wallelement 18 in a position radially inwardly of the inlet opening 17. The injectionmember 25 has a corresponding spiral shape and longitudinal extension as the inletopening 17. The injection member 25 is provided with injection nozzles 26 at constantintervals. The injection nozzles 26 inject urea solution in the exhaust gases entering theinner space 19 via the inlet opening 17. The exhaust gases provide a continued rotarymovement in the inner space 19. The rotary movement of the exhaust gases bring theurea solution with such that they together rotate around the longitudinal center axis 22in a more or less transverse direction. The common rotary movement of the ureasolution in contact With the exhaust gases results in a long miXing time andevaporation time for the urea solution. Also in this case, it is possible to arrange anSCR-catalyst 12 in a position relative close to the inner space 19.
    The invention is not restricted to the embodiments described on the draWing but maybe Varied freely Within the frame of the claims.
    权利要求:
    Claims (15)
    [1] 1. An injection arrangement for injection of a urea solution into an exhaust gaspassage, Wherein the injection arrangement (9) comprises a periphery Wall element(18) forrning an inner space (19) Which has an extension in a longitudinal directionbetween a first closed end (20) and a second open end (21), Where the exhaust gasesleaves the inner space (19), and an injection member (25) configured to inject the ureasolution into the inner space (19), characterised in that the periphery Wall element (18)comprises an inlet opening (17) located at a radially outer position of the inner space(19), that the injection arrangement (9) comprises floW means (16, 17) configured tocreate a rotating exhaust gas floW around a longitudinal center axis (22) of the innerspace (19) and that the injection member (25) comprises a plurality of injectionnozzles (26) arranged in at least two different longitudinal positions in the inner space(19).
    [2] 2. An injection arrangement according to claim 1, characterised in that said floWmeans (16, 17) is configured to direct the exhaust gas floW in an at least partly transverse direction along an inner surface (18a) of said periphery Wall element (18).
    [3] 3. An injection arrangement according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the inletopening (17) has a longitudinal direction corresponding to at least half the longitudinal extension of the inner space (19).
    [4] 4. An injection arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims,characterised in that the inlet opening (17) has a straight extension in the longitudinal direction of the inner space (19).
    [5] 5. An injection arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims 1 to 3,characterised in that the inlet opening (17) extends at least 360° around the longitudinal center axis (22).
    [6] 6. An injection arrangement according to any one of the preceding claims,characterised in that the injection member (25) has an extension in a radially inner position of the inlet opening (17). 11
    [7] 7. An injection arrangement according to any one of the preceding c1aims,characterised in that the injection nozzles (26) are designed such that they inject ureasolution in substantia11y the same direction as the flow direction of the eXhaust gases entering the inner space (19).
    [8] 8. An injection arrangement according to any one of the preceding c1aims,characterised in that the injection member (25) comprises injection nozzles (26) arranged at at 1east two different radia1 distances from the 1ongitudina1 center aXis (22).
    [9] 9. An injection arrangement according to any one of the preceding c1aims,characterised in that the injection member (25) has a 1ongitudina1 1ength corresponding to the 1ongitudina1 extension of the in1et opening (17).
    [10] 10. An injection arrangement according to any one of the preceding c1aims,characterised in that the periphery Wa11 e1ement (18) eXtends 360° around the1ongitudina1 center axis (22) from a first Wa11 portion (18b) to a second Wa11 portion(18c) 1ocated in a position radia11y inWard1y of the first Wa11 portion (18b) Wherein said radia1 distance defines the in1et opening (17).
    [11] 11. An injection arrangement according to c1aim 10, characterised in that the radia1distance between periphery Wa11 e1ement (18) and the 1ongitudina1 center aXis (22)decreases continuous1y from the first Wa11 portion (18b) to the second Wa11 portion(18c).
    [12] 12. An injection arrangement according to any one of the preceding c1aims 10,characterised in that the injection member (25) is arranged on the second Wa11 portion(18c).
    [13] 13. An injection arrangement according to any one of the preceding c1aims,characterised in that the periphery Wa11 e1ement (18) forms an inner space (19) With acontinuous1y increasing cross section area in a 1ongitudina1 direction from the first end(20) to the second end (21).
    [14] 14. An injection arrangement according to any one of the preceding c1aims 1 - 12, characterised in that the periphery Wa11 e1ement (18) forms an inner space (19) With a 12 constant cross section area in a 1ongitudina1 direction from the first end (20) to thesecond end (21).
    [15] 15. An injection arrangernent according to any one of the preceding claims,characterised in that the injection arrangernent (9) is arranged in a si1encer (10) in an eXhaust gas 1ine (3) of a vehicle (1).
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    SE1650483A|SE539834C2|2016-04-11|2016-04-11|An injection arrangement for injection of a urea solution into an exhaust gas passage|SE1650483A| SE539834C2|2016-04-11|2016-04-11|An injection arrangement for injection of a urea solution into an exhaust gas passage|
    US16/091,051| US20190143279A1|2016-04-11|2017-03-14|An injection arrangement for injection of a urea solution into an exhaust gas passage|
    EP17782738.3A| EP3443210A4|2016-04-11|2017-03-14|An injection arrangement for injection of a urea solution into an exhaust gas passage|
    CN201780028764.3A| CN109154224A|2016-04-11|2017-03-14|Injection apparatus for being injected into urea liquid in exhaust steam passage|
    PCT/SE2017/050242| WO2017180038A1|2016-04-11|2017-03-14|An injection arrangement for injection of a urea solution into an exhaust gas passage|
    KR1020187030338A| KR20180122710A|2016-04-11|2017-03-14|An injection device for injecting the urea solution into the exhaust gas passage|
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